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Real Assets Fueled by Energy
The VanEck Vectors Real Asset Allocation ETF (RAAX) uses a data-driven, rules-based process that leverages over 50 indicators (technical, macroeconomic and fundamental, commodity price, and sentiment) to allocate across 12 individual real asset segments in five broad real asset sectors. These objective indicators identify the segments with positive expected returns. Then, using correlation and volatility, an optimization process determines the weight to these segments with the goal of creating a portfolio with maximum diversification while reducing risk.
April Performance Summary
The VanEck Vectors Real Asset Allocation ETF (RAAX) launched, on April 9, into a period of strong performance for real assets. RAAX performed well on both an absolute and relative basis. Through April, in the first 16 days of its life, RAAX returned +2.98% based on net asset value versus +2.41% for its benchmark, the Blended Real Asset Index, which is comprised of an equally weighted blend of the returns of Bloomberg Commodity Index, S&P Real Assets Equity Index, and VanEck Natural Resources Index*. Equal weightings are reset monthly.
| Total Returns (%) as of April 30, 2018 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Mo† | YTD† | 1 Year | Life (04/09/18) | |
| RAAX (NAV) | – | – | – | 2.98 |
| RAAX (Share Price) | – | – | – | 3.26 |
| Blended Real Asset Index* | – | – | – | 2.41 |
| Total Returns (%) as of March 31, 2018 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Mo† | YTD† | 1 Year | Life (04/09/18) | |
| RAAX (NAV) | – | – | – | – |
| RAAX (Share Price) | – | – | – | – |
| Blended Real Asset Index* | – | – | – | – |
The table presents past performance which is no guarantee of future results and which may be lower or higher than current performance. Returns reflect temporary contractual fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements. Had the ETF incurred all expenses and fees, investment returns would have been reduced. Investment returns and ETF share values will fluctuate so that investors’ shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost. ETF returns assume that distributions have been reinvested in the Fund at NAV.
†Returns less than a year are not annualized.
Expenses: Gross 0.81%; Net 0.74%. Expenses are capped contractually at 0.55% through February 1, 2020. Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. Cap exclude certain expenses, such as interest, acquired fund fees and expenses, and trading expenses.
RAAX’s positioning was moderately defensive in April, and it was fully invested across commodities, natural resource equities, and Master Limited Partnerships (”MLPs”). The largest real asset investments were in diversified commodities (30%), gold bullion (20%), and agribusiness equities (20%).
May Positioning: Fully Invested and Mostly Bullish
RAAX remains fully invested across commodities, natural resource equities, and MLPs. As they were at launch, the largest weightings remain in diversified commodities (30%), gold bullion (20%), and agribusiness equities (20%). However, its allocation to gold equities now stands at 10%, increasing overall gold exposure to 30%.
We are bullish on most real assets. Based on the model’s analysis, diversified commodities, gold, agribusiness equities, MLPs, steel equities, oil services equities, and unconventional oil and gas equities are all well positioned to perform. We are bearish on Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), infrastructure, base metal equities, and coal equities.
Asset Class Weights
Source: VanEck. Data as of May 2, 2018.
This month we increased our exposure to gold equities and removed our exposure to coal equities. Another notable point is that we are bearish on two interest rate sensitive sectors, REITs and infrastructure, as interest rates continue to rise.
Remember, RAAX only invests in asset classes that the model is bullish on, and the weightings themselves are not an indication of conviction but a byproduct of a quantitative process that seeks to maximize diversification and minimize volatility. Let’s take a look at some of the reasons why RAAX maintains a bullish or bearish position on certain asset classes.
Gold
The model remains bullish, and overall exposure increased based on the portfolio diversification benefits that gold provides. Gold prices have been flat this year, but the precious metal has provided stability during periods of broad market stress.
Cumulative Growth of $10,000 of Gold and S&P 500 Index in 2018
Source: FactSet; Bloomberg. Data as of May 2, 2018. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
Oil Services Equities
Research conducted here at VanEck has identified that oil price and the S&P 500 Index can be used to explain most of the performance of oil services stocks historically. Using these variables to generate an expected return for oil services stocks, we can look at the difference between this and the actual return of oil services stocks. Right now, based on these variables, oil services stocks are trading at a substantial discount, and the chart below shows that oil services stocks haven’t been this cheap since 2001.
Performance Variance of Oil Servicers and Key Independent Variables
Source: VanEck; FactSet; Bloomberg. Data as of April 2018. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Oil servicers measured by the MVIS U.S. Listed Oil Services 25 Index. Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
The model remains bullish on oil services stocks. Key bullish indicators include strong oil prices, reasonable volatility in oil services equities, and strong demand for natural gas. The chart below shows that oil prices are up 14.83% this year through April.
Cumulative Growth of $10,000 of Crude Oil in 2018
Source: FactSet. Data as of April 30, 2018. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Oil measured by West Texas Intermediary (WTI) oil price. Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
Coal Equities
At launch, RAAX had a small weighting to coal, but in May, this exposure was completely eliminated based on falling coal equity prices and weakening supply and demand data. Below is our economic composite for coal. It turned bearish at the end of April due to declining demand for coal in the U.S. and China, and declining production in the U.S.
Coal Economic Indicator Composite
Source: VanEck. Data as of April 30, 2018. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Coal equities measured by MVIS Global Coal Index. Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
A Closer Look at the What, When, and How
Step One: What to Own
The aphorism ”a rising tide lifts all boats” is appropriate here. April was a great month to invest in real assets. Each real asset in our investment universe and the approximated holding period return of the underlying index is listed below. The assets that we were bearish on are shaded.
Holding Period Return
April 10 – April 30, 2018
| Gold Equities | 1.42% | Oil Services Equities | 13.97% |
| Agribusiness Equities | 1.22% | Unconventional Oil & Gas Equities | 12.36% |
| Coal Equities | -1.78% | Global Metals & Mining Equities | 4.65% |
| Gold Bullion | -1.56% | Diversified Commodities | 3.60% |
| MLPs | 6.08% | REITs | 1.53% |
| Global Infrastructure | 1.53% | Steel Equities | 7.42% |
Source: Bloomberg; FactSet. Data as of April 30, 2018. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investors cannot invest directly in an index.
Step Two: When to be Invested
We were fully invested in April. This was the right call as real asset investments rallied. RAAX begins to raise a cash position when five or more assets become bearish. This is typically indicative of a systemic market event. RAAX has not raised cash since it launched.
Step Three: How to Allocate
Capital is allocated amongst assets on which the model is bullish on using an optimization process designed to maximize our diversification and minimize our volatility. In April, this resulted in a 50% exposure to commodities, a 45% exposure to natural resource equities, and a 5% exposure to MLPs. RAAX’s allocation in May has not changed drastically.
Monthly Asset Class Changes
| Asset Class | May-18 | Apr-18 | Change |
| Gold Equities | 10% | 5% | 5% |
| Diversified Commodities | 30% | 30% | 0% |
| Agribusiness Equities | 20% | 20% | 0% |
| Gold Bullion | 20% | 20% | 0% |
| Limited Partnerships | 5% | 5% | 0% |
| Service Equities | 5% | 5% | 0% |
| Cash | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Unconventional Oil & Gas Equities | 5% | 5% | 0% |
| Steel Equities | 5% | 5% | 0% |
| Estate Investment | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Global Infrastructure | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Metals and Mining Equities | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Coal Equities | 0% | 5% | -5% |
Source: VanEck. Data as of May 2, 2018.
2024 was a landmark year for bitcoin, solidifying its role as a fully institutionalised asset class.
Institutional inflows into physical bitcoin exchange-traded products (ETPs) reached nearly $35 billion globally, signalling a major shift in how traditional investors view crypto. As bitcoin continued to enhance portfolios’ risk-return profiles, more institutional investors followed suit, reshaping the financial landscape.
Looking ahead, 2025 promises to bring exciting developments across the crypto ecosystem. Here are the top five crypto trends to watch.
Fear of being left behind
The era of bitcoin as a niche investment is over. Institutional adoption is creating a ripple effect, forcing hesitant players to reconsider. Portfolios with bitcoin allocations are consistently outperforming those without, highlighting its growing importance.
Figure 1: Bitcoin in a multi-asset portfolio
| 60/40 Global Portfolio | 1% Bitcoin Portfolio | 3% Bitcoin Portfolio | 5% Bitcoin Portfolio | 10% Bitcoin Portfolio | MSCI AC World | Bloomberg Multiverse | Bitcoin | |
| Annualised Return | 5.77% | 6.46% | 7.83% | 9.20% | 12.57% | 9.07% | 0.56% | 56.24% |
| Volatility | 8.79% | 8.86% | 9.14% | 9.62% | 11.42% | 13.94% | 5.05% | 67.28% |
| Sharpe Ratio | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.68 | 0.79 | 0.96 | 0.54 | -0.20 | 0.81 |
| Information Ratio | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.01 | 1.00 | ||||
| Beta | 70% | 71% | 73% | 75% | 81% | 100% | 24% | 181% |
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree. From 31 December 2013 to 30 November 2024. In USD. Based on daily returns. The 60/40 Global Portfolio is composed of 60% MSCI All Country World and 40% Bloomberg Multiverse. You cannot invest directly in an index. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investment may go down in value.
With bitcoin’s ability to noticeably improve portfolios’ risk-return profiles, asset managers face a clear choice: integrate bitcoin into multi-asset portfolios or risk falling behind in a rapidly evolving financial landscape. In 2025, expect the competition to heat up as clients demand exposure to this powerhouse cryptocurrency.
Expanding crypto investment options
In 2024, regulatory breakthroughs opened the doors for physical bitcoin and ether ETPs in key developed markets. This marked a critical step towards making cryptocurrencies mainstream, providing seamless access to institutional and retail investors alike.
Figure 2: Global physical crypto ETP assets under management (AUM) and 2024 net flows
Source: Bloomberg, WisdomTree. 02 January 2025. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investment may go down in value.
In 2025, this momentum is expected to accelerate as the crypto regulatory environment becomes more friendly in the United States and as key developed markets follow Europe’s lead and approve ETPs for altcoins such as Solana and XRP. With their clear utility and growing adoption, these altcoins are strong candidates for institutional investment vehicles.
This next wave of altcoin ETPs will expand the diversity of crypto investment opportunities and further integrate cryptocurrencies into the global financial system.
The maturing of Ethereum’s layer-2 ecosystem
Ethereum’s role as the backbone of decentralised finance (DeFi), non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and Web3 is unmatched, but its scalability challenges remain a hurdle. Layer-2 solutions—technologies such as Arbitrum and Optimism—are transforming Ethereum’s scalability and usability by enabling faster, cheaper transactions.
In 2025, Ethereum’s recent upgrades, such as Proto-Danksharding (introduced in the ‘Dencun’ upgrade), will drive layer-2 adoption even further. Innovations like Visa’s layer-2 payment platform leveraging Ethereum for instant cross-border transactions will underscore the platform’s evolution.
Expect Ethereum’s layer-2 ecosystem to power real-world use cases ranging from tokenized assets to decentralised gaming, positioning it as the infrastructure of a truly scalable digital economy.
Stablecoins: bridging finance and blockchain
Stablecoins are becoming indispensable to the global financial system, offering the stability of traditional assets with the efficiency of blockchain. Platforms such as Ethereum dominate the stablecoin landscape, hosting stablecoin giants Tether (USDT) and USD Coin (USDC), which facilitate billions in daily transactions.
Figure 3: Key stablecoin chains
Source: Artemis Terminal, WisdomTree. 05 January 2025. Historical performance is not an indication of future performance and any investment may go down in value.
As we move into 2025, stablecoins will increasingly interact with blockchain ecosystems such as Solana and XRP. Solana’s high-speed, low-cost infrastructure makes it ideal for stablecoin payments and remittances, while XRP Ledger’s focus on cross-border efficiency positions it as a leader in global settlements. With institutional adoption rising and DeFi applications booming, stablecoins will serve as the backbone of a seamless, interconnected financial ecosystem.
Tokenization: redefining ownership and revolutionising finance
Tokenization is set to redefine how we think about ownership and value. By converting tangible assets like real estate, commodities, stocks, and art into digital tokens, tokenization breaks down barriers to entry and creates unprecedented liquidity.
In 2025, tokenization will expand dramatically, empowering investors to own fractions of high-value assets. Platforms such as Paxos Gold and AspenCoin are already showcasing how tokenization can revolutionize markets for gold and luxury real estate. The integration of tokenized assets into DeFi will unlock new financial opportunities, such as using tokenized real estate as collateral for loans. As tokenization matures, it will transform industries ranging from private equity to venture capital, creating a more inclusive and efficient financial system.
For the avoidance of any doubt, tokenization complements crypto by expanding the use cases of blockchain to include real-world applications.
Looking ahead
2025 is set to be a defining year for crypto, as innovation, regulation, and adoption converge. Whether it is bitcoin cementing its position as a portfolio staple, Ethereum scaling for mainstream use, or tokenization unlocking liquidity in untapped markets, the crypto ecosystem is poised for explosive growth. For investors and institutions alike, the opportunities have never been clearer or more compelling.
This material is prepared by WisdomTree and its affiliates and is not intended to be relied upon as a forecast, research or investment advice, and is not a recommendation, offer or solicitation to buy or sell any securities or to adopt any investment strategy. The opinions expressed are as of the date of production and may change as subsequent conditions vary. The information and opinions contained in this material are derived from proprietary and non-proprietary sources. As such, no warranty of accuracy or reliability is given and no responsibility arising in any other way for errors and omissions (including responsibility to any person by reason of negligence) is accepted by WisdomTree, nor any affiliate, nor any of their officers, employees or agents. Reliance upon information in this material is at the sole discretion of the reader. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance.
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