Markets were relatively quiet during the holidays as Bitcoin’s weekly volatility hovers near all-time lows. As of Monday’s close, Bitcoin and Ethereum traded up 2.88% and 5.12%, respectively. In addition, the biggest movers of last week were Solana (-15.65% in TVL) among the alternative Layer 1s, Optimism (6.98%) among the major Layer 2s, and Lido (9.17%) among the most prominent DeFi players.
Figure 1: Weekly TVL and Price Performance of Major Crypto Categories
Source: CoinGecko, data as of December 26 (close price).
Key takeaways
• Bitcoin’s weekly volatility is at near all-time lows.
• Visa is proposing to launch automatic recurring payments on top of StarkNet.
• CME Group and CF Benchmark launch DeFi reference rates for Aave, Synthetix, and Curve.
• Solana’s popular NFT projects, DeGods and Y00ts, will leave the blockchain and migrate to Ethereum and Polygon, respectively.
Spot and Derivatives Markets
Figure 2: BTC Funding Rates
Source: lookintobitcoin
If we look at the derivatives market, BTC funding rates have been consistently positive since December 16, indicating that many investors are positioned to the upside after the market downturn caused by the FTX debacle last month.
On-chain Indicators
Figure 3: Weekly BTC Volatility
Source: BitMEX, TradingView
The BitMEX Weekly Historical Bitcoin Volatility Index is at near all-time lows. There are only two other instances where we saw similar levels of volatility in the last five years, yielding opposite outcomes. The most recent precedent is July 2020, which marked the beginning of last cycle’s bull run. The other precedent is October 2018, before Bitcoin experienced a 50% drawdown from $6,000 to $3,000. In both cases, we saw a steep rise in volatility, a pattern we could observe in the coming weeks.
The cryptoassets market is performing better ahead of the Merge slated to take place on September 15, you can track its progress here and read more about its implications in our primer. Bitcoin is up by almost 12% over the past week, its TVL has also risen by 13%. Whereas Ethereum jumped by nearly 11%. As shown in the figure below, Solana and Avalanche have also jumped in returns by 18% and 14% respectively, however, their TVL have dipped by almost -2% and -6% respectively. Regarding scalability solutions and DeFi protocols, Optimism saw an 18% increase in performance and Lido, a 12% increase in TVL.
Figure 1: 7-Day Price and TVL Developments of Cryptoassets in Major Sectors
Source: 21Shares, Coingecko, DeFi Llama
Key takeaways
• Bitcoin mining difficulty increased by almost 10% since August 29 • ETH official switch to POS is less than 48 hours away • Frax joins Aave and Curve in building an all-inclusive DeFi ecosystem • Google Cloud to become an Axie Infinity Ronin sidechain validator Spot and Derivatives Markets
Figure 2: ETH Spot to Futures Volume (30-D MA)
Source: TheBlock, CryptoCompare
The figure above indicates the looming speculation around the Merge, given the declining spot volume against the futures.
On-chain Indicators
Figure 3: Bitcoin Mining Difficulty
Source: Coinglass
Bitcoin mining difficulty increased by almost 10% since August 29, it’s the highest increase the network has seen since May 2022. Although this indicator isn’t exactly directly proportional to the returns on the cryptoasset, a rising Bitcoin mining difficulty shows a healthy network attracting more miners, making the Bitcoin network more secure with computing power.
From the Press
Last week we celebrated the inception of our new parent company, 21.co and our unicorn status which caught the attention of several media outlets and publications around the world.
• On the occasion, our co-founders have appeared on Swiss TV; you can watch here. • From the US: Axios, 21Shares’ parent gets a $2 billion valuation • From France: CryptoActu: 21Shares, l’émetteur de multiples ETP crypto, valorisé à 2 milliards de dollars • From Italy: Advisor Online, 21.co è ufficialmente parent company di 21Shares e Amun • From Germany: Fonds Professionell, 21Shares erhält neue Struktur • From the UAE: Reuters, Crypto firm 21.co raises $25 million to value it at $2 billion
Each week the 21Shares Research team will publish our data-driven insights into the crypto asset world through this newsletter. Please direct any comments, questions, and words of feedback to research@21shares.com
Disclaimer
The information provided does not constitute a prospectus or other offering material and does not contain or constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction. Some of the information published herein may contain forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The information contained herein may not be considered as economic, legal, tax or other advice and users are cautioned to base investment decisions or other decisions solely on the content hereof.
As April winds down, markets remain on edge, with escalating tariffs and renewed trade tensions keeping volatility in focus. In this summary of our full-length newsletter, we spotlight gold and gold equities, both of which have surged to record levels. We also take a step back from the day-to-day noise in crypto to explore the broader shifts in the regulatory landscape in our latest Whitepaper and present Celestia in detail. Finally, we assess how Moat indexes have held up and evolved amid the turbulence.
Your VanEck Europe team wishes you a great read.
Featured Articles
Are Gold Mining Equities Regaining Attention Amid Rising Gold Prices?
Gold & Gold mining equities tend to shine during stress periods
Source: VanEck, World Gold Council.
Gold has attracted renewed interest from investors amid concerns about inflation, currency volatility, and overall market uncertainty. Gold mining companies have recently reported improved profit margins and cash generation, with some initiating share buybacks and maintaining relatively strong balance sheets. Despite these developments, many continue to trade below their historical valuation averages.
While historical trends indicate that gold and gold mining equities have outperformed during certain periods of market stress, these patterns may not repeat under different economic conditions. Performance can be influenced by a range of factors including interest rates, central bank policy, geopolitical developments, and investor sentiment.
Whitepaper Highlights: How New Crypto Regulations May Shape the Future
Cryptocurrencies are entering a new era. With the re-election of Donald Trump and the implementation of the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation, digital assets are moving into a landscape defined not just by innovation, but also by regulatory clarity.
MiCA’s structured and transparent approach aims to promote legitimacy, safeguard investors, and enhance trust in digital asset markets across Europe. It could also serve as a blueprint for other jurisdictions looking to regulate crypto effectively.
Most blockchains, like Ethereum or Bitcoin, are monolithic which means they perform all major functions (consensus, data availability, and execution) on a single layer. This design ensures security but according to new modular networks, limits scalability and flexibility.
The modular blockchain thesis, which Celestia is leading, proposes separation of layers and respective responsibilities in the network.
Note: This article in not accessible to our UK readers.
Riding the Gold Wave
Chasing the Vein: Fund Flows into Gold Miners
Source: Mining.com. Data as of 21 March 2025. Note: Data covers 493 funds with combined assets under management of $62 billion.
U.S. equity markets experienced significant declines during the month of March. Meanwhile, spot gold price recorded new all-time highs, surpassing the $3,000 per ounce mark on 14 March and closing at a record price of $3123.57 on March 31, a 9.30% ($265.73) monthly gain. As of 31 March, gold prices have risen by 93.61% over the past five years (1). Investors should keep in mind that past performance is not representative of future results.
The gold miners, as represented by the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index (GDMNTR), outperformed significantly, up 15.51% during March (2). This gain reflects both their operational leverage to rising gold prices and market perceptions of relative value. However, gold miners can also be subject to heightened volatility, operational risks, and sensitivity to commodity price swings.
While gold and gold equities may serve as diversifiers in a portfolio due to their historically low correlations with many asset classes, investors should remain mindful of the inherent risks, including price volatility, currency movements, and shifts in investor sentiment that can lead to rapid reversals in performance.
Market turbulence in March weighed on stocks. The Moat Index was not immune to the market turmoil, as it declined along with the broad U.S. equity market ending the month lower. However, the Moat Index showed resilience relative to the S&P 500—thanks in part to defensive sector resilience and underweight exposure to mega-caps.
At the same time, the SMID Moat Index lagged small and mid-caps in March. Smaller U.S. stocks were also impacted by global trade tensions and economic growth concerns with the broad small- and mid-cap benchmarks falling during the month. However, year-to-date, the SMID Moat Index remains ahead of the broader small- and mid-cap markets.
(1) Source: World Gold Council, ICE Data Services, FactSet Research Systems Inc.
(2) Source: Financial Times.
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BBVA Acción Eurostoxx 50 ETF FI Cotizado Armonizado (BBVAE ETF) med ISIN ES0105321030, strävar efter att spåra EURO STOXX® 50-index. EURO STOXX® 50-indexet följer de 50 största företagen i euroområdet.
Den börshandlade fondens TER (total cost ratio) uppgår till 0,20 % p.a. ETFen replikerar resultatet av det underliggande indexet genom full replikering (köper alla indexbeståndsdelar). Utdelningarna i ETFen delas ut till investerarna (halvårsvis).
BBVA Acción Eurostoxx 50 ETF FI Cotizado Armonizado har tillgångar på 133 miljoner euro under förvaltning. Denna ETF lanserades den 3 oktober 2006 och har sin hemvist i Spanien.
Beskrivning BBVA Acción Eurostoxx 50 ETF FI Cotizado Armonizado
Med BBVA Acción Eurostoxx 50 ETF FI Cotizado Armonizado deltar investerare i ökningen av värdet på aktierna i de 50 största konglomeraten i euroområdet (euroområdet). Euro Stoxx 50-indexet inkluderar aktier från 8 länder i euroområdet: Belgien, Finland, Frankrike, Tyskland, Irland, Italien, Nederländerna och Spanien.
Explore Dogecoin’s impact on crypto, turning internet memes into cultural and financial assets.
𝕋𝕚𝕞𝕖 ℂ𝕠𝕕𝕖𝕤:
00:00 – Intro
00:27 – Where do Memes come from?
03:13 – What are some of the first Memes you remember?
10:28 – Do these things have value?
14:04 – The different types of cryptocurrencies
17:20 – How did Dogecoin start?
24:26 – What is some of the utility?
28:36 – How does it fit into the portfolio?
30:38 – Final thoughts
Research Newsletter
Each week the 21Shares Research team will publish our data-driven insights into the crypto asset world through this newsletter. Please direct any comments, questions, and words of feedback to research@21shares.com
Disclaimer
The information provided does not constitute a prospectus or other offering material and does not contain or constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction. Some of the information published herein may contain forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The information contained herein may not be considered as economic, legal, tax or other advice and users are cautioned to base investment decisions or other decisions solely on the content hereof.